---
title: "什么是 Scrum？"
canonical: https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/scrum/
language: zh
description: "一种敏捷框架，将工作组织成固定长度的冲刺，并通过明确的角色、事件和工件，让团队在紧凑的循环中持续交付和检视。"
image: "https://wavect.io/img/general/bak/open_graph_preview.jpg"
---

方法

# Scrum

一种敏捷框架，将工作组织成固定长度的冲刺，并通过明确的角色、事件和工件，让团队在紧凑的循环中持续交付和检视。

最近审阅: 2026-06-02 审阅人 [Kevin Riedl](/zh/team/kevin-riedl/) [wiki ↗](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139796365)

Scrum 是 [敏捷](/zh/glossary/agile/) 原则的一种实现，有三个角色、三个工件和少数几个事件。产品负责人决定构建什么以及按什么顺序构建。 [Scrum Master](/zh/glossary/scrum-master/) 清除阻碍并保护流程。开发人员负责构建。工件包括产品待办列表（所有可能被构建的内容，通常写成 [用户故事](/zh/glossary/user-story/) ）、冲刺待办列表（本次冲刺承诺的内容）和增量（实际交付的内容）。事件包括冲刺规划、每日站会、冲刺评审和回顾会议。

Scrum 真正有帮助的地方：在那些难以保持专注和可见性的团队。固定的冲刺迫使团队做出真正的承诺，评审迫使团队进行真正的演示，回顾迫使团队审视自己的流程而不是忽视它。对于一个从未按节奏交付过的团队来说，Scrum 是一个有用的脚手架。

它沦为表演的地方：当事件存活下来但实质却消亡了。一个变成向经理汇报状态的站会。一个没有可运行软件可展示的评审。一个每两周都产出同样三条行动项却从不落实的回顾。许多「Scrum」团队执行着仪式，却得不到任何价值。如果你开了会却无法演示一个可运行的增量，那你拥有的不是 Scrum，而是一个开会的习惯。

那个开销陷阱，举个实际例子：一个五人团队照着书本采用 Scrum，最后每两周就要做一次冲刺规划、每日站会、待办列表梳理会、冲刺评审和回顾。在这个规模的团队上，那套仪式负荷一周能吃掉每人差不多大半天的时间，而它换来的规划精度是浪费的，因为一个五人团队本来就知道每个人在做什么。这个框架是为了协调那些已经失去这种可见性的团队而设计的；把整套都强加到一个从未失去它的团队身上，纯属交税。修法不是抛弃那些反馈回路（保留演示和回顾），而是砍掉那些在解决你并不存在的问题的协调仪式。

Wavect 的坦诚看法：Scrum 是一个不错的入门框架，却是一个糟糕的宗教。保留那些创造反馈的部分，舍弃那些制造负担的部分。大多数成熟团队在纪律内化之后，都会漂向更轻量的方式，往往更接近 [Kanban](/zh/glossary/kanban/) 。

// FAQ

## 常见问题

### 什么是 Scrum？

一种敏捷框架，以固定长度的冲刺运作工作，包含三个角色（产品负责人、Scrum Master、开发人员）、三个工件（产品待办列表、冲刺待办列表、增量）和四个事件（规划、站会、评审、回顾）。目标是一个紧凑的构建与检视循环，而不是会议本身。

### Scrum 与 Kanban 的对比？

Scrum 把工作分批放进固定的冲刺，在每个边界处做出承诺并进行评审。Kanban 以持续流动的方式运作，带有在制品限制，没有固定的迭代。当团队需要节奏的结构来建立交付纪律时，选择 Scrum。当工作不可预测地到来，或团队成熟到足以在没有脚手架的情况下管理流动时，选择 Kanban。

### Scrum 何时会失败？

当仪式照常进行却什么也产不出时。一个变成状态会议的站会、一个没有演示的评审、一个什么都不改变的回顾。如果你在冲刺结束时无法展示一个可运行的增量，那这个框架就是表演，你应该修复实质，而不是增加更多流程。

相关术语

- [Agile](/zh/glossary/agile/)
- [Sprint](/zh/glossary/sprint/)
- [Kanban](/zh/glossary/kanban/)
- [Scrum Master](/zh/glossary/scrum-master/)
- [User Story](/zh/glossary/user-story/)

相关服务

- [软件开发](/zh/services/software-development/)

相关案例研究

- [Polity](/zh/case-studies/polity/)

相关指南

- [软件开发流程：从首次通话到完整交接](/zh/software-development-guide/software-development-process/)

聊聊

## Structured Data

```json
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
      "@type": [
        "Organization",
        "ProfessionalService",
        "LocalBusiness"
      ],
      "employee": [
        {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/#person",
          "@type": "Person",
          "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
          "name": "Kevin Riedl",
          "url": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/",
          "worksFor": {
            "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
            "@type": [
              "Organization",
              "ProfessionalService",
              "LocalBusiness"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/#person",
          "@type": "Person",
          "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
          "name": "Christof Jori",
          "url": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/",
          "worksFor": {
            "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
            "@type": [
              "Organization",
              "ProfessionalService",
              "LocalBusiness"
            ]
          }
        }
      ],
      "founder": [
        {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/#person",
          "@type": "Person",
          "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
          "name": "Kevin Riedl",
          "url": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/",
          "worksFor": {
            "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
            "@type": [
              "Organization",
              "ProfessionalService",
              "LocalBusiness"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/#person",
          "@type": "Person",
          "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
          "name": "Christof Jori",
          "url": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/",
          "worksFor": {
            "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
            "@type": [
              "Organization",
              "ProfessionalService",
              "LocalBusiness"
            ]
          }
        }
      ],
      "legalRepresentative": [
        {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/#person",
          "@type": "Person",
          "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
          "name": "Kevin Riedl",
          "url": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/",
          "worksFor": {
            "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
            "@type": [
              "Organization",
              "ProfessionalService",
              "LocalBusiness"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/#person",
          "@type": "Person",
          "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
          "name": "Christof Jori",
          "url": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/",
          "worksFor": {
            "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
            "@type": [
              "Organization",
              "ProfessionalService",
              "LocalBusiness"
            ]
          }
        }
      ],
      "name": "Wavect GmbH",
      "subjectOf": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/verified-claims.json#dataset",
        "@type": "Dataset",
        "creator": {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
          "@type": [
            "Organization",
            "ProfessionalService",
            "LocalBusiness"
          ]
        },
        "description": "A machine-readable registry of quantitative and qualitative claims published by Wavect, with review dates, localized page appearances and public third-party citations where available.",
        "inLanguage": "en",
        "isAccessibleForFree": true,
        "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "name": "Wavect verified publication claims",
        "url": "https://wavect.io/verified-claims.json"
      },
      "url": "https://wavect.io/"
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/#person",
      "@type": "Person",
      "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
      "name": "Kevin Riedl",
      "sameAs": [
        "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139796365",
        "https://www.linkedin.com/in/wsdt",
        "https://github.com/wsdt"
      ],
      "url": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/",
      "worksFor": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
        "@type": [
          "Organization",
          "ProfessionalService",
          "LocalBusiness"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/#person",
      "@type": "Person",
      "jobTitle": "Managing Director",
      "name": "Christof Jori",
      "sameAs": [
        "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139796367",
        "https://www.linkedin.com/in/jocr77/",
        "https://github.com/jo-chris"
      ],
      "url": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/",
      "worksFor": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
        "@type": [
          "Organization",
          "ProfessionalService",
          "LocalBusiness"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://wavect.io/#website",
      "@type": "WebSite",
      "inLanguage": [
        "en",
        "de",
        "es",
        "zh"
      ],
      "name": "Wavect",
      "potentialAction": {
        "@type": "SearchAction",
        "query-input": "required name=search_term_string",
        "target": {
          "@type": "EntryPoint",
          "urlTemplate": "https://wavect.io/search/?q={search_term_string}"
        }
      },
      "publisher": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
        "@type": [
          "Organization",
          "ProfessionalService",
          "LocalBusiness"
        ]
      },
      "url": "https://wavect.io/"
    }
  ]
}
```

```json
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@graph": [
    {
      "@id": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/scrum/#term",
      "@type": "DefinedTerm",
      "alternateName": [],
      "description": "一种敏捷框架，将工作组织成固定长度的冲刺，并通过明确的角色、事件和工件，让团队在紧凑的循环中持续交付和检视。",
      "inDefinedTermSet": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/#termset",
      "name": "Scrum",
      "termCode": "scrum",
      "url": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/scrum/"
    },
    {
      "@id": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/scrum/#webpage",
      "@type": "WebPage",
      "about": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
        "@type": [
          "Organization",
          "ProfessionalService",
          "LocalBusiness"
        ]
      },
      "author": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/#person",
        "@type": "Person",
        "name": "Kevin Riedl",
        "url": "https://wavect.io/team/kevin-riedl/"
      },
      "dateModified": "2026-06-02",
      "description": "一种敏捷框架，将工作组织成固定长度的冲刺，并通过明确的角色、事件和工件，让团队在紧凑的循环中持续交付和检视。",
      "headline": "Scrum",
      "inLanguage": "zh",
      "isPartOf": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/#website",
        "@type": "WebSite"
      },
      "lastReviewed": "2026-06-02",
      "mainEntity": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/scrum/#term"
      },
      "mentions": [
        {
          "@id": "https://wavect.io/#organization",
          "@type": [
            "Organization",
            "ProfessionalService",
            "LocalBusiness"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "name": "Scrum",
      "reviewedBy": {
        "@id": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/#person",
        "@type": "Person",
        "name": "Christof Jori",
        "url": "https://wavect.io/team/christof-jori/"
      },
      "speakable": {
        "@type": "SpeakableSpecification",
        "cssSelector": [
          ".gls-single__h1",
          ".gls-single__tldr"
        ]
      },
      "url": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/scrum/"
    },
    {
      "@type": "BreadcrumbList",
      "itemListElement": [
        {
          "@type": "ListItem",
          "item": "https://wavect.io/zh/",
          "name": "首页",
          "position": 1
        },
        {
          "@type": "ListItem",
          "item": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/",
          "name": "技术、产品与合作模式术语表",
          "position": 2
        },
        {
          "@type": "ListItem",
          "item": "https://wavect.io/zh/glossary/scrum/",
          "name": "Scrum",
          "position": 3
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```

```json
{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "FAQPage",
  "mainEntity": [
    {
      "@type": "Question",
      "acceptedAnswer": {
        "@type": "Answer",
        "text": "一种敏捷框架，以固定长度的冲刺运作工作，包含三个角色（产品负责人、Scrum Master、开发人员）、三个工件（产品待办列表、冲刺待办列表、增量）和四个事件（规划、站会、评审、回顾）。目标是一个紧凑的构建与检视循环，而不是会议本身。"
      },
      "name": "什么是 Scrum？"
    },
    {
      "@type": "Question",
      "acceptedAnswer": {
        "@type": "Answer",
        "text": "Scrum 把工作分批放进固定的冲刺，在每个边界处做出承诺并进行评审。Kanban 以持续流动的方式运作，带有在制品限制，没有固定的迭代。当团队需要节奏的结构来建立交付纪律时，选择 Scrum。当工作不可预测地到来，或团队成熟到足以在没有脚手架的情况下管理流动时，选择 Kanban。"
      },
      "name": "Scrum 与 Kanban 的对比？"
    },
    {
      "@type": "Question",
      "acceptedAnswer": {
        "@type": "Answer",
        "text": "当仪式照常进行却什么也产不出时。一个变成状态会议的站会、一个没有演示的评审、一个什么都不改变的回顾。如果你在冲刺结束时无法展示一个可运行的增量，那这个框架就是表演，你应该修复实质，而不是增加更多流程。"
      },
      "name": "Scrum 何时会失败？"
    }
  ],
  "speakable": {
    "@type": "SpeakableSpecification",
    "cssSelector": [
      ".faq-question",
      ".faq-answer"
    ]
  }
}
```